Holy Roman Empire: Bavaria

Ludwig II

(806-876)

Ludwig the German

King of Bavaria, 817-865

King of East Franks, 843-876

Karlmann of Bavaria

(830-880)

King of Bavaria, 876-880

King of Italy, 877-879

Ludwig III of Bavaria (835-882)

Ludwig the Younger

King of Bavaria, 880-882

King of Saxony, 876-882

Karl

the Fat

(839-888)

Duke of Bavaria, 882-887

Holy Roman Emperor, 881-888

King of the West Franks, 884-886

King of Italy, 879-887

King of the East Franks, 876-887

Arnulf of Carinthia

Duke of Bavaria, 887-899

Ludwig IV of Bavaria

Ludwig the Child

(893-911)

Duke of Bavaria, 899-907

King of Germany, 899-911

Liutpold of Bavaria
Margrave of Bavaria, 889-907
Margrave of Carinthia, 893

Arnulf of Bavaria
(d.937)
Duke of Bavaria, 907-937

Eberhard of Bavaria
Duke of Bavaria, 937

Berthold of Bavaria
(900-947)
Duke of Bavaria, 938-947

Heinrich I of Bavaria
(919/921-955)
Duke of Bavaria, 948-955
Duke of Lotharingia, 939-940

Heinrich II of Bavaria
(951-995)
the Quarrelsome
the Wrangler
Duke of Bavaria, 955-976, 985-995

Otto I of Bavaria
(955-982)
Duke of Bavaria, 976-982
Duke of Swabia, 973-982

Heinrich III of Bavaria
(940-989)
the Younger
Duke of Bavaria, 983-985
Duke of Carinthia, 976-978, 985-989

Henry IV of Bavaria
(973-1024)
the Saint
Duke of Bavaria, 995-1005
Holy Roman Emperor (Heinrich II), 1014-1024
King of Italy, 1004-1024
King of Germany, 1002-1024

Heinrich V of Bavaria
(d.1026)
Duke of Bavaria, 1005-1026
Count of Luxemburg (Henri I), 998-1026

Heinrich VI of Bavaria
(1017-1056)
the Black
the Pious
Duke of Bavaria, 1026-1041
Holy Roman Emperor (Heinrich III), 1046-1056
Margrave of Meissen, 1046
King of Italy, 1039-1056
Duke of Carinthia, 1039-1047
King of Burgundy, 1038-1056
Duke of Swabia (Heinrich I), 1038
King of Germany, 1028-1053

Heinrich VII of Bavaria
(d.1047)
Duke of Bavaria, 1042-1047
Count of Luxemburg (Henri II), 1026-1047

Konrad I of Bavaria
Kuno or Konrad of Zutphen
(1020-1055)
Duke of Bavaria, 1049-1053

Heinrich VIII of Bavaria
(1050-1106)
Duke of Bavaria, 1053-1054, 1055-1061, 1077-1096
Holy Roman Emperor (Heinrich IV), 1084-1105
King of Italy, 1080-1093
King of Arles, 1056-1105
King of Germany, 1053-1087

Konrad II of Bavaria
(1052-1055)
Konrad the Child
Duke of Bavaria, 1054-1055

Otto II of Bavaria
Otto of Nordheim
(1020-1070)
Duke of Bavaria, 1061-1070

Welf I of Bavaria
Welf IV
(d.1101)
Duke of Bavaria, 1070-1077, 1096-1101

Welf II of Bavaria
Welfhard
Welf the Fat
Otto V of Welf
(1072-1120)

Duke of Bavaria, 1101-1120

Heinrich IX of Bavaria
(1074-1126)
the Black (Ger.der Schwarze)
Duke of Bavaria, 1120-1126

Heinrich X of Bavaria
(1108-1139)
the Proud (Ger. der Stolze)
Duke of Bavaria, 1126-1139
Duke of Saxony (Heinrich II), 1137-1139
Margrave of Tuscany, 1137-1139

Leopold of Bavaria
(1108-1141)
the Generous
Duke of Bavaria, 1139-1141
Margrave of Austria (Leopold IV), 1136-1141

Heinrich XI of Bavaria
(1107-1177)
Heinrich Jasomirgott
Duke of Bavaria, 1141-1156
Duke of Austria (Heinrich II), 1156-1177
Margrave of Austria, 1141-1156
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1140-1141

Heinrich XII of Bavaria
(1129-1195)
the Lion (Ger. der Lowe)
Duke of Bavaria, 1156-1180
Duke of Saxony (Heinrich III), 1142-1180

Otto I of Bavaria
(1117-1183)
Otto V of Wittelsbach
the Great
Duke of Bavaria, 1180-1183

OTHO, sirnamed the Elder, Earl of Wittelsbach, and governor of the palace of Bavaria, grandfather to Otho the Illustrious, first elector of his house, being descended of Charles the Great, and of the most antient dukes and princes of Bavaria; was a courageous and valiant prince, a cunning and great warrior; was endowed with rare and singular virtues both of body and mind; was employed into Italy and Greece, in divers great arabassages; was fully given to advance the

repub'lick; was exceedingly addicted to the military art; he atchieved divers noble exploits in Italy. Upon which occasion, Henry the Twelfth being deprived and condemned, he, for his singular virtues, was, by the Emperor Frederick the First, created Duke of Bavaiia in anno 1180, from the which his predecessors had been dejected, about 231 years before, by Otho the First. He bought Dachau; annexed to his estate Raning ; built the town of Kelham on the Danube, where he was born in a castle of that same name; founded Landshut upon the river Isara. He died, the 26th of June, anno Ciiristi 1183, while he was yet in controversy with the Bishop of Frissinghen, for some customs of salt, after he had ruled Bavaria three years. He married Agnes, daughter of Theodorick, tetrarch of Wasserburg, and had these children by her: Lewis Prince Palatine of the Rhine;Sophia, who was joined in marriage to Herman, Landgrave of Hesse; and Mechtildis, joined to Rapoto, the second warden of Krainburg."

Ludwig I of Bavaria
(1173-1231)
Ludwig the Kelheimer
Duke of Bavaria, 1183-1231

Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1214-1231

"LEWIS, Duke of Bavaria, succeeded Otho. He was a prince eni dued with great eloquence, wisdom, piety, and many other virtues; he increased with riches, and beautified much the estate of Bavaria; built many sumptuous works, planted divers new colonies, and built Stroubing, a famous town upon the Danube. He was a great lover of peace and justice, who never made wars unless he had been forced thereto, Having gone about to repress Albert, Earl of Bogen, who had invaded and spoiled his county, he received a great overthrow by him, and was forced to fly; he warred against the Earls of Artenberg, that had broken the peace, and took from them Wasserburg, and Krainburg Castle: Otho, of Wittelsbach, and Henry Truchses, Baron of Waipurs;, being declared rebels to the empire, he spoiled their castles of Wittlesbach and Andeches, and razed them thereafter. From the Emperor Frederick the Second, he received the county Palatine of the Rhine, and, whilst he went about to take possession of the towns and castles thereof somewhat unwarily, he and his company were taken by the inhabitants of the country, and afterwards released for a great sum of money contributed by the Bavarians. Thereafter being received of them peaceably, within a short time after, he took his journey ; and went into the Holy Land with divers other princes, against the Infidels; from whence, haying lost many of his people, and his life being spared to him, he returned with a few that remained. In the end, while he was walking on the bridge of Kelhaim, he was stabbed with a knife by one Stichius, a fool, that was offended at his jests, and immediately fell down dead among his nobles, the 15th of Sepiember, in anno 1231. He was buried in great state and pomp in Sheyrn. He ruled Bavaria, after his father's decease, forty-eight years and more. He married Louisa, daughter of Primeslaus, King of Bohemia, widow of Albert Boggy, a princess of great beauty, and of an high spirit. His children by her were these : Otho, Prince Palatine Elector of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria; Lewis, slain by the Emperor Frederick the Second; Isabella, married to the Emperor Frederick the Second; andAnna, married to Rudolph, Duke of Saxony, Angria, and Westphalia."

Otto II of Bavaria
(1206-1253)
Uxorius
Bonus der Gutige
Vater des Vaterlandes
the Illustrious
Duke of Bavaria, 1231-1253
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1231-1253

"OTHO, sirnamed the illustrious, was, in his father's life-time, created both Duke of Bavaria, and Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine. He made wars against Frederick of Austria, a seditious and unquiet prince ; spoiled and burnt a great part of his country, with a great slaughter of the inhabitants; took Sherding, and annexed it to his own estate. Being seduced through the persuasion of Pope Gregory, he conspired with other princes against the Emperor Frederick the Second; wherefore, seeing himself to be in such eminent danger, and accused of disloyalty and high-treason, and fearing the event of the Emperor's displeasure, he turned unto his side again. He joined his forces with the Emperor Conrade, his son-in-law, against Conrade of Wasberburg, vanquished him, took from him all his castles and possessions, and chaced him out of the precinct of Bavaria, because he had received and refused to render Albert of Bathaen, a seditious and factious nobleman, and breaker of the peace: Albert, in the end, being taken, he caused his skin to be pulled off him, while he was yet" living. He repressed valiantly Albert, bishop of Regcnsburg, who plotted against the state. He married Agnes, daughter of Henry, the last Palatine Elector of his family, and niece of Henry, sirnamed the Lion, and so was the first Elector Palatine of the House of Bavaria. He died inLandshut, in anno 1269, and was buried in Sheren. He begot these children: Lewis the Severe, Duke of Bavaria, and Prince Palatine Elector of the Rhine; Henry, Duke of Bavaria, who, after his father's decease, had for his portion and inheritance the country of Nordge, or North Bavaria, and died at Burckhausen, in anno 1290; Elisabeth, married to the Emperor Conrade the Fourth, and after his death to Meinhard, Earl of Tyrol Sophia, married to Gebbard of Hirsperg, for his valour and stoutness, chewed against the Bohemians."

Dukes of Lower Bavaria

Heinrich XIII of Bavaria
(1235-1290)
Duke of Lower Bavaria (Heinrich I), 1255-1290
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1253-1255

Otto III of Bavaria
(1261-1312)
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1290-1312
King of Hungary (Bela V), 1305-1307

Stephan I of Bavaria
(1271-1310)
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1290-1310

Otto IV of Bavaria
(1307-1334)
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1310-1331
Duke of Bavaria-Burghausen

Heinrich XIV of Bavaria
(1305-1339)
the Elder
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1331-1339

Duke of Lower Bavaria (Heinrich III), 1310-1331

Heinrich XV of Bavaria
(1312-1333)
the Natternberger
Duke of Lower Bavaria (Heinrich II), 1312-1331
Duke of Bavaria-Deggendorf

Johann I of Bavaria
(1329-1340)
the Child
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1339-1340

Dukes of Upper Bavaria

Ludwig II of Bavaria
(1229-1294)
Canus
Senior
der Altere
der Ernsthafte
der Graue
der Grausame
der Strenge

Severus Strenuus
the Severe
the Stern
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1253-1294
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1253-1294

"LEWIS, sirnamed the Severe, Duke of Bavaria, Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine, was born the fifteenth of April 1229- The second year after his father's decease he divided the inheritance with hii brother, and had for his part the Palatinate of the Rhine, and Upper Bavaria (xyhereof the chief towns be Munchen, Wasserburg, and Ingolstadt) together with the government of Regensburg, to wit, Riettenburg, Stephaning, Lengenfield, Rengstauff, and Kalmunt. He was a very virtuous and religious prince, and a great justiciar; he was of a good wit, and adorned with many singular virtues, both of body and mind. He caused to behead his wife Anne, the Duke of Brabant's sister, for suspicion of adultery. He built Furstenfield, to bury her in honourably. About some five years after, he warred against the Marshals of Pappenheim; took, burnt, and rased Wissenburg, a town in Nordge. After other five years, he built the town Fridberg for a defence against the citizens of Augsburg. After the Emperor Lewis'i death, the empire having continued without a head, during the space of eighteen years, which was the cause of much sedition, and divers great troubles, both in Italy and Germany, with the consent and approbation of all the princes, had full power and authority given him to choose another emperor in his place. Whereupon he elected Rudolph, Earl of Hasburg, and afterwards married his daughter, and was a constant friend to him all his life time. In the end, being come to Heidelberg, to make peace between Albert and Adolph, both Cassars at one time; and being taken with a disease, which had swelled his privy members, and, for shame he had thereof, having neglected the remedies too long, he died in the same chamber where he was born, the first of February, in anno 1294» of his age the sixty-fifth, having ruled forty years, and was buried in Furstenfield. He had three wives, the first, Mary, daughter of the Duke of Brabant, and had no children by her. By his second wife, Anne, daughter of Conrade, King of Poland, he had Lewis, a frugal and virtuous prince, who died at Norenberg, through the stroke of a lance, that he received of Crato, Earl of Hohenloe, while they were runnning together. By Mechtildis, the Emperor's daughter, his last wife, he had Rudolph, Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine, of whom all the Palatine Electors are desecended, that have been since. Anne, married to Henry, Earl of Catzenelbogen. Mechtildis, married to Otho, Duke of Lunenburg. Lewis the Fifth, Emperor, of whom are descended all those other princes, that, since that time, have ruled Bavaria, unto this day."

Rudolf I of Bavaria
(1274-1317)
Balbus
Ersul
Senior
der Verbannte
der Aeltere
der Kahle
the Stammerer (Ger. der Stammler, der Lispelnde)
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1294-1317
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1294-1319

"RUDOLPH the First, Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine, in the beginning, laboured to make peace and agreement between his uncle Albert, of Austria, Emperor, and the Emperor Adolph, his father-inlaw. But afterwards began to adhere more closely to Adolph, and succoured him in his unfortunate wars against Albert (both of them contending for the empire) being kindled with an indignation against his uncle, because he had besieged Alze, a town within his dominions; and, Adolph being slain in the battle, he had much ado to escape with a small number, and save Himself in Worms. Having, through the intercession of his mother, obtained free pardon and remission from his victorious uncle, for his former offence; notwithstanding, having, within a short while after, become unmindful of the receipt of so great a benefit, was, among others, one that conspired and'plotted against him. Wherefore, being besieged again by his uncle, he was forced to demand pardon of him, and withal paid a sum of money to have his towns rendered to him again. Finally, having conceived some hatred and malice against his brother Lewis, for that he was advanced to the Imperial dignity, he was chaced out of his country by him, and fled into England. Where he died, in anno 1319, of his age the forty-fourth. By Mechtild, daughter of the Emperor, Adolph, Earl of Wassaw, he had Adolph, Rudolph the Second, and Rupert the First, Palatine Electors of the Rhine."

Ludwig III of Bavaria
(1282-1347)
Bavarus
Ludwig the Bavarian
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1340-1347
Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland, Lord of Friesland, 1345-1347
Holy Roman Emperor (Ludwig IV), 1328-1347
King of Italy, 1327-1347
Margrave of Brandenburg, 1320-1323
Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1319-1329
King of Germany, 1314-1347
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1301-1347

Ludwig V of Bavaria
(1315-1361)
der Aeltere
the Brandenburger
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1349-1361
Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1349
Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland, Lord of Friesland, 1345-1347
Margrave of Brandenburg, 1323-1351
Count of Tyrol, 1342-1361

Ludwig VI of Bavaria
(1328-1365)
the Roman
Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1365
Elector of Brandenburg, 1356-1361
Margrave of Brandenburg (Ludwig II), 1351-1365

Otto V of Bavaria
(1346-1379)
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1349-1351
Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1351
Elector of Brandenburg, 1356-1379
Margrave of Brandenburg, 1351-1373

Stephan II of Bavaria

(1319-1375)

Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1353-1375

Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1363

Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1349-1353

Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1375

Dukes of Bavaria-Straubing

Wilhelm V of Bavaria

(1330-1389)
the Mad
the Mad Count

Duke of Bavaria-Straubing (Wilhelm I), 1353-1388

Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1349-1353

Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1349

Count of Holland (Willem V), 1354-1388

Count of Hainaut (Willem III), 1356-1388

Count of Zeeland(Willem IV), 1354-1388

Meinrad of Bavaria
Meinhard of Bavaria

(1344-1363)
Duke of Upper Bavaria, 1361-1363
Count Tyrol (Meinhard III), 1361-1363

Albrect I of Bavaria

(1336-1404)

Duke of Bavaria-Straubing, 1353-1404

Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1349-1353

Duke of Bavaria, 1347-1349

Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland, Lord of Friesland, 1388-1404

Wilhelm II of Bavaria
(1365-1417)

Duke of Bavaria-Straubing, 1404-1417

Count of Holland (Willem VI), 1414-1417

Count of Hainaut (Willem IV), 1404-1417

Count of Zeeland (Willem V), 1404-1417

Lord of Friesland, 1404-1417

Johann III of Bavaria

(1374-1425)

the Pitiless

Duke of Bavaria-Straubing

Count of Holland & Hainaut, 1418-1425

Bishop of Liege, 1389-1418

Dukes of Bavaria-Ingolstadt

Stephan III of Bavaria
(1337-1413)
der Kneissl
Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt, 1392-1413
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1375-1402
Duke of Lower Bavaria, 1375-1392

Ludwig VII of Bavaria
(1365-1447)
the Bearded (Ger. der Gebartete)
Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt, 1413-1443, 1445-1447

Ludwig VIII of Bavaria
(1403-1445)
the Younger
the Hunchback (Ger. der Hockrige)
Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt, 1443-1445
Count of Graisbach

Dukes of Bavaria-Landshut

Friedrich of Bavaria
(1339-1393)
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1375-1393

Heinrich XVI of Bavaria
(1386-1450)
the Rich
Duke of Bavaria, Ingolstadt, 1447-1450
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1393-1450

Ludwig IX of Bavaria
(1417-1479)
the Rich
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1450-1479

Georg of Bavaria
(1455-1503)
the Rich
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, 1479-1503

Dukes of Bavaria-Munich

Johann II of Bavaria

(1341-1397)
der Gottseelige
der Sanftmuthige
Monacensis

Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1375-1397

Wilhelm III of Bavaria
(1375-1435)
Duke of Bavaria-Straubing, 1429-1435
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1397-1435

Ernst of Bavaria
(1373-1438)
Duke of Bavaria-Straubing, 1429-1438
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1397-1438

Albrecht III of Bavaria
(1401-1460)
the Pious
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1438-1460

Johann IV of Bavaria

(1437-1463)
Monacencis
der Wahrhaftige

Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1460-1463

Sigmund of Bavaria

(1439-1501)
Largus

Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1460-1467

Duke of Bavaria-Dachau, 1467-1501

Christoph of Bavaria
(1449-1493)
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1468-1485
King of Denmark (Christoffer III), 1440-1448
King of Norway (Kristoffer), 1442-1448
King of Sweden (Kristofer), 1440-1448

Albrecht IV of Bavaria
(1447-1508)
the Wise
Duke of Bavaria-Munich, 1467-1508
Duke of Bavaria, 1503-1508

Wilhelm IV of Bavaria
(1493-1550)
the Steadfast
the Steady
the Constant
Duke of Bavaria, 1508-1550

Ludwig X of Bavaria
(1495-1545)
Co-Regent of Bavaria, 1516-1545

Albrecht V of Bavaria
(1528-1579)
Duke of Bavaria, 1550-1579

(by Hans von Aachen, c1589)

Wilhelm V of Bavaria
(1548-1626)
the Pious
Duke of Bavaria, 1579-1597

Albrecht VI of Bavaria
(1584-1666)
the Leuchtenberger

Maximilian I of Bavaria
(1573-1651)
Elector of Bavaria, 1623-1651
Elector Palatine
Duke of Bavaria, 1597-1623

Electors of Bavaria, 1623-1805

In 1623, Elector Maximilian I of Bavaria was raised to Electoral Status, gaining the seat of the Elector Palatine, who had been put under the ban of the Empire.

Maximilian I 1623-1651

Ferdinand Maria 1651-1679

Maximilian II Emanuel 1679-1726

Karl Albrecht 1726-1745

Maximilian III Joseph 1745-1777

Karl Theodore 1777-1799 (Elector Palatine from 1745)

Maximilian IV Joseph 1799-1805 (Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795)